显而易见的性别刻板印象和性别认同的性多态认知
Mina Guérin1,2, Fanny Saulnier2,3, Louis Cartier2
1Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Av. Vincent-D'Indy, Outremont, Montréal, H2V 2T2, Québec, Canada.
Biology of sex differences
|December 31, 2025
概括
认知表现在 cisgender 男人, cisgender 女人,跨性别和非二进制 (TNB) 人中各不相同,TNB 个体表现出独特的优势. 显而易见的性别刻板印象在这个多样化的样本中没有直接影响认知任务的表现.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 性多态认知 (SPC) 传统上侧重于生物性别差异.
- 越来越多的证据突出了社会文化和性别相关因素对认知的影响.
- 以前的研究表明,明确的性别刻板印象可以调节性二态认知任务的表现.
研究的目的:
- 调查明确的性别刻板印象和SPC之间的关系,包括跨性别和非二进制 (TNB) 个体在内的多样性样本.
- 探索跨 cisgender 女性, cisgender 男人和 TNB 人的认知性能差异.
- 检查明确的性别刻板印象诱导对性别多元人口认知任务表现的影响.
主要方法:
- 招募了488名成年人 (160名cis女性,172名cis男性,156名TNB人).
- 参与者完成了8个认知任务和心理社会问卷.
- 随机分配到对照条件或两个刻板印象的诱导条件 (男性或女性刻板印象的任务).
主要成果:
- 变性人和非二进制 (TNB) 的人表现出不同的认知特征:在空间任务中与cis男性相似,在精细运动任务中与cis女性相似,并在口头学习中优于两者.
- 显而易见的性别刻板印象并没有直接影响研究组的认知表现.
- 观察到的群体间的认知差异在实验条件中各不相同,表明不一致性和缺乏强度.
结论:
- 认知多样性超越了二元性别差异,需要将性别多样性人口纳入SPC研究.
- 认知变异不仅仅是由出生时分配的性别来解释的,这强调了性别认同的作用.
- 在SPC文献中的不一致性可能源于研究方案的变化和潜在的实验者偏见.
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