鱼类消费和抑郁症风险:观察性研究的系统审查和元分析
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients
|December 31, 2025
概括
定期食用鱼与抑郁症风险降低有关,包括与怀孕有关的抑郁症. 每天至少摄入68.4克的食物可以提供对情绪障碍的保护性益处.
科学领域:
- 营养精神病学 营养精神病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 抑郁症是一个重要的全球健康问题,具有复杂的病因.
- 饮食因素,如鱼类消费,正在越来越多地研究它们在心理健康中的作用.
- 了解饮食和抑郁症之间的联系对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析关于鱼类消费和抑郁风险的观察性研究.
- 评估与一般抑郁症和与怀孕有关的抑郁症的关联.
- 为了告知关于饮食指南的公共卫生促进策略.
主要方法:
- 35项观察性研究的系统综述和元分析.
- 在PubMed和Embase数据库中搜索到2023年11月.
- 综合相对风险 (RRs) 使用随机效应模型,包括剂量反应和分层分析.
主要成果:
- 在鱼类消费和整体抑郁风险之间发现了显著的反向关联 (RR = 0.79).
- 在与怀孕相关的抑郁症中观察到类似的保护作用 (RR = 0.78).
- 确定了潜在的值效应,只有在每天≥68.4g的摄入量时才观察到显著的风险降低;剂量反应分析表明,每增加15g/day,风险降低6%.
结论:
- 鱼类消费是可以改变的因素,可能有助于预防抑郁症.
- 建议每天摄入至少68.4克鱼作为显著降低风险的潜在门.
- 研究结果支持将鱼类消费建议纳入饮食指南和公共卫生心理健康战略.
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