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相关概念视频

Directional Relays01:25

Directional Relays

560
Directional relays, essential for managing unidirectional fault currents, enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems. On power lines equipped with directional relays, faults downstream (to the right) of the current transformer typically cause the fault current to lag the bus voltage by approximately 90 degrees, known as the forward direction. In contrast, upstream (left-side) faults may result in the fault current leading the bus voltage by nearly 90 degrees, termed the reverse...
560
Differential Relays01:20

Differential Relays

692
Differential relays are used to protect generators, buses, and transformers by comparing electrical quantities at different points. When a fault occurs, the difference in current between the two points triggers the relay to operate, opening the circuit breaker. Under normal conditions, the current entering (i1) and leaving (i2) a generator are equal. When a fault occurs, however, these currents become unequal, and the difference current flows in the relay operating coil, causing the relay to...
692
Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

411
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
411
Overcurrent Relays01:26

Overcurrent Relays

464
Overcurrent relays, crucial for circuit protection, are connected to the secondary current of a current transformer. There are two primary types of overcurrent relays: instantaneous and time-delay.
Instantaneous overcurrent relays activate immediately when the input current exceeds a predetermined value, known as the pickup current, instantly energizing the circuit breaker trip coil. This rapid response is vital for addressing severe faults quickly.
Time-delay overcurrent relays, on the other...
464
Pilot and Numeric Relaying01:21

Pilot and Numeric Relaying

461
Pilot relaying is a type of differential protection used in power systems. It compares electrical quantities at the terminals of equipment via a communication channel instead of direct relay interconnection. This method is essential for transmission lines where the terminals are far apart, typically up to 80 km for lines with 69 to 115 kV ratings. Four types of communication channels are used for pilot relaying:
461
Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

789
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
789

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美国国税局辅助的双模中继式基于自适应式传输.

Dabao Wang1, Yanhong Xu2, Zhangbo Gao2

  • 1Institute of Remote Sensing Satellite, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 31, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

我们推出了一种双模式继电器 (DMR),可以在主动继电和智能反射表面 (IRS) 模式之间切换. 这种自适应式传输方法通过优化动态无线环境中的性能来提高数据速率.

关键词:
适应式传输适应式传输梁造型 梁造型 梁造型 梁造型智能反射表面是一个智能反射表面.继电器 继电器 继电器

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科学领域:

  • 无线通信无线通信
  • 信号处理 信号处理
  • 信息理论 信息理论

背景情况:

  • 传统的活性继电器面临着高功耗的挑战.
  • 智能反射表面 (IRS) 努力应对通道色.
  • 现有的解决方案缺乏适应动态无线环境的适应性.

研究的目的:

  • 提出一种新的双模式继电器 (DMR),集成主动继电和IRS功能.
  • 通过动态适应通道条件来增强无线通信系统.
  • 在有限的传输功率限制下最大限度地提高数据传输速率.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一种双模式继电器 (DMR),具有可动态切换的操作模式 (主动继电器和被动IRS反射).
  • 引入了基于DMR的自适应传输 (DMRAT) 方法,以优化功率限制下的性能.
  • 采用交替优化 (AO) 算法,共同优化光束成形和反射系数.

主要成果:

  • 拟议的DMR可以传输复合模式信号,将主动和IRS反射组件结合起来.
  • DMRAT 方法成功地优化了系统参数,以最大限度地提高数据传输速度.
  • 模拟结果显示,目标通信对的数据传输速率显著提高.

结论:

  • 双模式继电器 (DMR) 为现代无线通信挑战提供了灵活和高效的解决方案.
  • 适应性传输策略对于在动态环境中最大限度地提高性能至关重要.
  • 与传统方法相比,提出的基于DMR的方法显著提高了数据吞吐量.