基于OCC的定位方法用于在GNSS拒绝的环境中自主无人机导航:海上风电场模拟研究
1Department of Electronic Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 31, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种光学摄像头通信 (OCC) 定位方法,用于在GPS拒绝区域的无人机 (UAV). 该系统使用LED灯进行精确的实时3D定位,提供强大的导航替代方案.
科学领域:
- 机器人技术和自主系统
- 光学无线通信的无线通信.
- 导航和定位系统 导航和定位系统
背景情况:
- 无人机的准确导航至关重要,特别是在缺乏可靠的全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 信号的环境中.
- 现有的本地化方法通常依赖于卫星或射频 (RF) 基础设施,在某些操作环境中可能无法使用或不可靠.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于光学摄像机通信 (OCC) 的定位方法,用于无人机的实时3D坐标估计.
- 使用可见光通信演示GNSS独立的本地化解决方案.
主要方法:
- 使用航空阻塞发光二极管 (LED) 作为光学发射器,发射颜色转换键调制信号.
- 使用无人机上的摄像头作为接收器来捕获和解码LED信号.
- 集成解码位置标识符与几何约束通过透视-n-Point算法用于3D位置估计.
主要成果:
- 在模拟的海上风电场环境中,在5万厘米的飞行路径上实现了亚米定位精度.
- 验证了基于OCC的定位方法的可行性和准确性,用于实时无人机导航.
- 证明了系统在没有GNSS或射频基础设施的情况下有效运行的能力.
结论:
- 基于OCC的定位为无人机在GNSS拒绝或复杂环境中的导航提供了具有成本效益和强大的替代方案.
- 该方法显示了工业应用的巨大潜力,例如海上风电场检查和维护.
- 光学无线通信的整合为增强自主无人机系统提供了一个有希望的途径.
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