传统猪肉产品中的多环芳和微生物污染:对食品安全的影响
Alexandra Tabaran1, Oana Lucia Crisan-Reget1, Dana Alina Magdas2
1Department of Animal Production and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400684 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Microorganisms
|December 31, 2025
概括
工业烟火猪肉产品显示高的多环芳 (PAH) 含量,其中一些超过了甲的限值. 还发现了微生物污染和病原体,如沙门氏菌和李斯特菌单细胞原体,这表明需要改善卫生和吸烟控制.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 食品安全 食品安全
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 猪肉产品的传统手工吸烟和干燥很受欢迎,但可能会带来化学和微生物安全风险.
- 评估这些产品中的污染物对于消费者健康和监管合规性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估传统加工猪肉产品中特定多环芳 (PAH) 的含量和与卫生有关的微生物的流行程度.
- 识别与手工加工方法相关的潜在安全问题.
主要方法:
- 在140个猪肉样本中使用气色谱质谱法 (GC-MS) 分析四种标记型PAHs (BaP,BaA,BbF,Chr).
- 微生物学评估包括标准血盘计数,并通过选择性隔离和PCR检测Listeria monocytogenes和沙门氏菌血清病毒.
主要成果:
- PAH度各不相同,其中香香肠的度最高 (BaP: 1.8 μg/kg; ΣPAH4: 8.3 μg/kg).
- 15%的样本超过了欧盟甲 (BaP) 限制值2.0μg/kg,特别是手工制作的香肠.
- 观察到微生物负载增加 (大肠杆菌,肠杆菌),特别是在不受监管的生产商的产品中. 在一些样本中检测到沙门氏菌和李斯特菌单细胞原体.
结论:
- 虽然大多数PAH水平符合欧盟限制,但偶尔超过BaP和显著的微生物污染突显了安全问题.
- 建议对吸烟参数,燃料来源和卫生处理实践进行更严格的控制.
- 实施标准化吸烟协议和良好制造实践 (GMP) 对于提高传统猪肉产品的安全性至关重要.
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