急性呼吸道感染 (ARI):当前的病因学前景和病毒转基因组学的进展 - - 综述
Murilo Marconi Dos Santos1,2, Tiago Souza Salles1, Gabriel Montenegro de Campos1,2
1Center for Viral Surveillance and Serological Assessment (CeVIVAs), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.
Viruses
|December 31, 2025
概括
病毒转基因组学提供了一种公正的方法来确定急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 的原因,特别是在复杂的病例中. 这种下一代测序方法有助于检测已知和新型病毒,改善公共卫生反应.
科学领域:
- * 病毒学 病毒学
- * 分子生物学 * 分子生物学
- * * 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- *急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 是全球主要的健康问题,导致严重的发病率和死亡率.
- * 由于呼吸道病毒的多样性,传统的诊断方法往往无法识别病因因.
- *这种诊断差距在儿童,老年人和免疫力低下的人群中尤为明显.
研究的目的:
- * 审查病毒转基因组学的应用,特别是下一代测序 (NGS),用于诊断ARIs.
- *强调元基因组学在复杂和未诊断的ARI病例中识别致病原体的实用性.
- *讨论元基因组学在基因组监测和应对新出现的呼吸系统威胁中的作用.
主要方法:
- * 关于病毒转基因组学和下一代测序 (NGS) 适用于呼吸道感染的文献综述.
- *分析甲基因组NGS的优点和局限性,用于ARIs的病因诊断.
- * 检查元基因组学在病毒基因组监测和公共卫生中的作用.
主要成果:
- *病毒转基因组学提供了一种公正的方法来检测广泛的已知和新型呼吸道病毒.
- * 甲基因组NGS在免疫功能低下的患者中特别有价值,因为标准诊断不足.
- *该技术有助于了解导致ARI的病毒多样性,并支持基因组监测.
结论:
- *使用NGS的病毒转基因组学是ARIs的病因调查的强大工具,特别是在具有挑战性的病例中.
- *将元基因组学纳入临床实践和监测可以提高呼吸道病毒病的早期检测和控制.
- *这种方法对于识别和应对新出现的呼吸道病原体和未来的公共卫生威胁至关重要.
更多相关视频
11:12Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm
Published on: April 12, 2017
8.9K
13:45Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay Virochip to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens
Published on: April 27, 2011
19.4K
相关概念视频
00:36Viral Mutations
39.5K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.5K
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
911
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
911
01:29Viruses of Archaea
418
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
418
00:57Viral Recombination
24.8K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.8K
02:33Retroviruses
14.5K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
14.5K
01:29Types of Microorganisms
1.5K
Microorganisms are a diverse group of microscopic entities broadly categorized into cellular and acellular types based on their structural organization. Cellular microorganisms include bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and algae, while acellular microorganisms are represented by viruses.Cellular MicroorganismsBacteriaBacteria, tiny prokaryotic organisms, exhibit fascinating shapes such as rods, spheres, and spirals. They adapt to diverse habitats, including soil, water, and human-associated...
1.5K