通过在癌症免疫治疗中使用益生菌来利用有益的微生物群-免疫相互作用
Chinmay T Jani1, Kyle Edwards1, Charmi Bhanushali2
1Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.
Frontiers in immunology
|December 31, 2025
概括
益生菌有望通过调节免疫系统来增强癌症免疫疗法. 需要进一步的研究来标准化临床使用的配方和剂量.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物组极为关键地调节了全身免疫力和用免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 对癌症免疫治疗的反应.
- 微生物组启发疗法的临床实施仍然具有挑战性.
- 益生菌,即带有健康益处的活微生物,由于其低毒性和可能影响宿主-微生物群-免疫相互作用,正在作为癌症免疫治疗的潜在辅助剂获得关注.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估支持益生菌提高ICI疗效的证据.
- 总结已发表和正在进行的临床试验,调查益生菌作为癌症免疫治疗的辅助剂.
主要方法:
- 临床前小鼠模型的审查,证明了益生菌的免疫调节作用.
- 分析已发表和正在进行的临床试验.
- 评估微生物和瘤相关抗原之间的分子模拟.
主要成果:
- 临床前模型显示,益生菌激活树突细胞,增强抗原呈现,调节细胞因子,并促进促炎性巨细胞.
- 益生菌通过代谢物,如SCFA, inosine和酸衍生物来调节适应性免疫,支持T细胞激活和减少疲劳.
- 特定的菌株 (例如Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,Clostridium butyricum,Akkermansia muciniphila) 在各种癌症的临床前模型中增强了ICI反应.
- 早期的临床研究和回顾性队列,特别是在肺癌和癌中,表明使用益生菌可以改善生存率.
结论:
- 益生菌具有显著的免疫调节作用,有利于癌症免疫治疗.
- 临床数据虽然有希望,但主要是观察性的,缺乏标准化的益生菌配方和剂量.
- 严格的机理学,转化和临床研究对于验证益生菌作为临床批准的免疫疗法辅助剂至关重要.
- 精心开发的益生菌提供了一个可扩展,具有成本效益和个性化的方法,以优化癌症免疫治疗的有效性和安全性.
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