绘制多种族与单种族健康差异的地图
Patricia Louie1, Blair Wheaton2
1Department of Sociology, University of Washington, 211 Savery Hall, Seattle, WA 98915, USA.
概括
多种族健康结果因种族组合而异. 黑人-白人和黑人-亚洲成年人经常面临少数群体的健康劣势,而亚裔-白人成年人表现出同化模式,突出了分离多种族身份的必要性.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 种族健康差异的差异
背景情况:
- 多种族的人通常被视为种族进步的象征,掩盖了在种族类别之间导航的独特健康后果.
- 现有的研究经常聚合多种族身份,掩盖了不同多种族群体健康风险和经验的重大差异.
- 了解特定多种族群体的细微健康状况对于解决更广泛的种族化社会结构中的健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较特定的多种族群体 (黑人-白人,黑人-亚洲人,亚洲人-白人) 与他们的单种族对应群体,解开不同多种族地位对健康的影响.
- 测试有关混合地位,少数群体地位,同化和例外主义的假设,以解释这些多种族群体的健康状况.
- 分析不同多种族和单种族成年人群的自我评估健康和自我评估心理健康结果.
主要方法:
- 利用来自全国代表性的行为风险因素监测系统 (N = 3,737,438) 的11年合并样本 (2002-2012).
- 使用后勤回归模型从几率比率中推导相对风险 (RR),比较多种族成年人和单种族成年人.
- 检查了自我评价的健康和自我评价的心理健康作为主要结果措施.
主要成果:
- 亚裔白人成年人表现出向上同化,他们的健康状况比亚裔成年人更接近白人成年人.
- 黑人亚裔成年人与少数群体地位假设一致,显示健康状况比亚裔成年人更接近黑人成年人.
- 黑人-白人成年人显示混合的结果:更高的风险的健康状况不佳 (RR: 1.29对白人),但与黑人成年人相似 (RR: 1.09),和更高的风险的心理健康状况不佳 (RR: 1.32对黑人),但与白人成年人相似 (RR: 1.15).
结论:
- 不同的多种族群体经历不同的健康风险,挑战多种族人口的单一观点.
- 这些发现支持分离多种族个体的实用性,以了解他们在种族化社会结构中的独特地位.
- 特定的假设 (少数群体地位,向上同化) 解释了黑人亚裔和亚裔白人成年人的健康结果,而黑人白人成年人的健康状况因结果而异.
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