对更年期健康的饮食干预和营养策略:一篇小型综述
Yi-Chen Liu1,2, Zhi-Qing Guo1
1Xiamen Hospital of T.C.M, Xiamen, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|December 31, 2025
概括
像地中海饮食和植物性饮食等饮食模式,以及和维生素D补充剂,可以显著改善女性更年期症状和整体健康状况.
科学领域:
- 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 更年期是一个由雌激素下降标志着生命的关键阶段,导致血管运动症状,骨质损失,心血管和代谢风险增加.
- 这些生理变化在更年期过渡期间显著影响女性的健康和生活质量.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关饮食模式和营养干预措施的现有证据,以管理与更年期相关的症状和健康风险.
- 综合2020年至2025年间发表的高质量研究结果.
主要方法:
- 来自主要科学数据库的42项研究 (18项系统审查/元分析,24项RCT) 的系统审查.
- 关注绝经前和绝经后妇女的饮食模式和营养干预措施,评估与血管运动症状,骨健康,心血管风险和代谢参数相关的结果.
- 叙事综合包括研究质量,异质性和偏见的批判性评估.
主要成果:
- 地中海饮食显著降低血压和甘油三,有利于心血管健康.
- 同时补充和维生素D有效地保持骨矿物质密度,降低骨折风险.
- 植物性饮食与减少症状严重性和改善健康衰老有关.
结论:
- 非药理学策略,包括特定的饮食模式和营养补充,为更年期妇女的生活质量提供了显著的改善.
- 尽管有积极的发现,微量营养素缺乏仍然是一个问题,强调需要营养丰富的饮食.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决长期的结果,并确保多样化的人口代表性.
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