独特的免疫学特征定义了口疫病毒在接种疫苗的牛群中的持久性
Zhihui Zhang1,2, Zhidong Teng1, Shuang Wang1
1State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China, caas.cn.
Transboundary and emerging diseases
|December 31, 2025
概括
牛群中口疫病毒 (FMDV) 的持久性与早期T细胞反应减弱和B细胞动态改变有关. 较低的外周B细胞和高的口腔分泌IgA的组合有助于识别持久的FMDV感染.
科学领域:
- 兽医免疫学 兽医免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染病免疫学 传染病免疫学
背景情况:
- 在反动物中持续的口疫病毒 (FMDV) 感染阻碍了疾病控制工作.
- 了解宿主免疫反应对于管理FMDV持续性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查接种疫苗的牛群中FMDV持久性的宿主免疫相关物.
- 为了确定潜在的生物标志物来检测FMDV载体.
主要方法:
- 在FMDV挑战后接种疫苗的牛群中对全身T细胞和B细胞反应和粘膜免疫的表征.
- 对外围免疫细胞群 (CD4+,CD8+,γδ T 细胞) 和细胞因子 (IFN-γ) 生产的分析.
- 在口腔液 (OPF) 和全身抗体标位中测量分泌IgA (sIgA).
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗的牛群中FMDV持续性流行率为53.3%.
- 携带者表现出较低的早期IFN-γ产生CD4+和CD8+T细胞,这表明细胞介导免疫受损.
- 持久性感染与减少的外围B细胞和增加的OPFsIgA有关,而全身抗体标位是可比的.
- 结合外围B细胞频率和OPFsIgA显示出用于识别载体的高诊断特异性.
结论:
- 早期受损的T细胞反应和独特的B细胞/粘膜IgA概况是FMDV持续性的特征.
- 使用外围B细胞和OPFsIgA的双生物标志物方法可以在接种疫苗的人群中有效检测无症状的FMDV携带者.
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