抗生素耐药性肺炎球菌血清型的出现,导致儿童的侵入性肺炎球菌疾病,西班牙
Joaquín Llorente1,2,3, Julio Sempere1,4, Mirella Llamosí1,4
1Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
|December 31, 2025
概括
肺炎球菌联合疫苗 (PCV) 减少了儿童的侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD). 然而,抗生素耐药菌株,特别是24F等非PCV13血清型,正在增加,这带来了新的挑战.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 肺炎球菌联合疫苗 (PCV) 在全球范围内减少了侵入性肺炎球菌疾病 (IPD).
- 非疫苗血清型的出现,其抗生素敏感性降低是令人担忧的.
- 对抗生素耐药性模式的监测对公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析抗生素耐药性 *Streptococcus pneumoniae* 菌株引起儿童IPD的变化.
- 评估PCV13和COVID-19大流行对抗生素耐药性的影响.
- 确定导致IPD-RS.的流行非疫苗血清型.
主要方法:
- 在西班牙 (2009-2023年) 进行了4455个儿科IPD隔离体的全国监测.
- 对青素和红红素抗生素敏感性的分析.
- 数据的分层分为六个时期:PCV13前,早期,中期,晚期PCV13,COVID-19和重新开放.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,IPD病例显著下降 (在1-4年内超过60%,在<1年内减少50%).
- 由非PCV13血清型引起的IPD-RS发病率增加,其中24F是最常见的.
- PCV13的引入大大减少了IPD;COVID-19导致了耐药菌株的暂时下降.
结论:
- PCV13有效降低了IPD,但导致非PCV13血清型耐药性的增加.
- 血清型24F是IPD抗生素耐药性的一个日益关注的问题.
- 流行病措施暂时降低了耐药菌株负担,随后恢复.
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