基于政治观点的态度形成:政治中人际可喜的期望-价值模型
Jens Lange1, Alex Koch2, Larissa Knöchelmann3
1HMU Health and Medical University Erfurt, Germany.
Personality & social psychology bulletin
|December 31, 2025
概括
人们不喜欢有对立观点的政治目标,特别是如果这些观点不常见的话. 这种期望值模型通过展示观点相似性和稀有性如何影响可爱性来解释情感两极分化.
科学领域:
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 计算社会科学 计算社会科学
背景情况:
- 西方民主国家的情感两极分化是一个越来越令人担忧的问题.
- 将意识形态差异和群体认同与两极分化联系在一起的确切机制尚未完全理解.
- 需要可伪造的理论来解释这些政治动态.
研究的目的:
- 提出并正式制定政治中人际可喜的预期值模型 (EVIL-P).
- 解释意识形态差异和群体认同如何导致情感两极分化.
- 为了解政治态度提供一个可测试的框架.
主要方法:
- 从美国全国选举研究 (N=38,868) 和英国选举研究 (N=24,522) 中重新分析大规模调查数据.
- 对9项额外研究 (N=6,587) 的分析,根据政治观点对社会群体进行评分.
- 统计建模用于测试预期 (观点稀有性) 和价值 (观点相似性) 在预测可爱性方面的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 数据支持了政治中人际可喜的预期值模型 (EVIL-P).
- 预期和价值显著相互作用,预测人际关系对政治目标的态度.
- 具有温和政治观点的个人通常更受欢迎,而具有极端观点的个人则引起了更强烈的积极和消极反应.
结论:
- EVIL-P模型为情感两极分化提供了一个强有力的解释.
- 该模型强调了政治观点在塑造社会偏好的感知稀有性和相似性之间的相互作用.
- 这些发现有助于更深入地了解民主国家的政治敌意和群体动态.
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