归因于行为风险的神经疾病的全球负担,1990-2021年
Neuroepidemiology
|December 31, 2025
概括
从1990年到2021年,神经疾病的负担增加了,中风是最大的贡献者. 虽然一些疾病的发病率有所下降,但酒精使用增加了异常性的死亡率,特别是在老年人中.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 行为风险对全球神经疾病负担作出了重大贡献.
- 从1990年到2021年,了解与行为风险相关的神经疾病负担的趋势对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1990年至2021年间与行为风险相关的神经疾病负担的变化.
- 为了确定特定的行为风险和人口群体最受神经疾病影响.
- 预测未来的趋势和评估区域健康不平等.
主要方法:
- 利用2021年全球疾病负担数据库分析年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR) 和残疾调整寿命年 (ASDR).
- 雇佣的joinpoint回归和年龄时期队列模型来评估变化和趋势.
- 纳入贝叶斯模型用于未来预测和不平等分析.
主要成果:
- 神经系统疾病的总体负担增加了,中风,阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症 (ADOD),异常性 (IE) 和多发性硬化症 (MS) 是主要的贡献者.
- 对ADOD,MS和中风的ASMR和ASDR总体下降,但与酒精使用相关的IE死亡率上升,特别是在老年人中.
- 疾病负担在男性中更高;中风负担因社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 水平而异,观察到显著的区域和基于收入的健康不平等.
结论:
- 烟草仍然是神经疾病的主要危险因素.
- 酒精消费对老年人的IE和年轻人的中风有重大影响.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来控制男性的行为风险,并解决低收入人群中不成比例的中风负担.
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