超越动物:顶级捕食者饮食揭示了动物媒介的动物杀虫剂中毒
Kieran Scammell1, Raylene Cooke1, Kaori Yokochi1
1Deakin University, Geelong, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and the Built Environment, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, 3125, Vic., Australia.
The Science of the total environment
|December 31, 2025
概括
澳大利亚的强大的猫头暴露在有毒的抗凝固剂杀剂中,主要是通过吃受污染的虫和滑翔动物而不是动物. 这凸显了迫切需要对这些毒素制定更严格的法规,以保护脆弱的野生动物.
科学领域:
- 野生动物毒理学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 人类造成的环境变化为野生动物带来了新的威胁,例如抗凝固剂杀剂 (ARs) 的二次中毒.
- 第二代ARs (SGARs) 在非目标物种中生物累积,对诸如澳大利亚维多利亚州脆弱的强猫头 (Ninox strenua) 等顶级捕食者构成风险.
- 强大的猫头SGAR暴露的确切途径尚不清楚,因为它们的饮食传统上由树木有袋动物组成,而不是动物.
研究的目的:
- 调查澳大利亚维多利亚州强大的猫头的饮食,从2016年到2024年.
- 要确定强大的猫头是否发生了向动物的饮食转变.
- 在强大的猫头中确定SGAR暴露的主要途径.
主要方法:
- 分析了2016年至2024年期间收集的1094颗吐颗粒.
- 识别1225种猎物物品,以评估食成分.
- 检查猎物消费的时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 强大的猫头饮食仍然以哺乳动物 (95%的猎物) 为主,常见的环尾,常见的刷尾,以及克雷夫特的滑翔机,占猎物发生率的92%.
- 没有发现广泛的食转向动物的证据.
- 观察到一种时间趋势,即饮食中增加了克雷夫特的滑翔机和减少了虫,但动物的消费量没有显著变化.
结论:
- 强大的猫头的二次中毒主要是通过食用被SGAR污染的本地有袋动物,而不是增加动物掠食.
- 澳大利亚SGARs的广泛可用性需要紧急的监管控制,以减轻对本土野生动物的威胁.
- 对强大的猫头的保护工作必须考虑通过它们的本地猎物间接中毒途径.
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