精神疾病中的肠道微生物群介导的神经炎症:当前的前景和挑战
Anushka Nayak1, Suranjana Bera1, Samprikta Purohit1
1Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, NOIDA, Uttar Pradesh, India, 201309.
Behavioural brain research
|December 31, 2025
概括
肠道微生物群影响大脑健康和精神疾病. 针对微生物组的干预措施在控制神经炎症和改善心理健康治疗方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 由于复杂的诊断和缺乏生物标志物,精神疾病对全球健康构成挑战.
- 目前的治疗方法有局限性和副作用,需要新的治疗策略.
- 肠-大脑轴 (GBA) 和肠道微生物群 (GM) 越来越被认为对大脑健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在精神疾病中审查将肠道微生物群与神经炎症联系在一起的机制.
- 评估当前和新兴的针对微生物组的干预措施.
- 讨论临床实施的局限性和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 关于肠道微生物群和精神疾病的临床前和临床研究的文献综述.
- 分析涉及失生症,血脑屏障完整性和神经炎症的机制.
- 评估包括饮食,益生菌,下一代益生菌 (NGP) 和便微生物群移植 (FMT) 在内的干预措施.
主要成果:
- 失生症可以破坏血脑屏障,改变免疫信号,影响代谢物产生,导致神经炎症.
- 肠道微生物组合的改变与抑郁症,焦虑症,精神分裂症,双相情感障碍 (BD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 有关.
- 目前正在探索各种针对微生物的干预措施,证据的程度各不相同.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群在精神疾病背后的神经炎症过程中发挥着重要作用.
- 针对微生物组的策略具有作为补充或替代治疗的潜力.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定因果关系,并克服临床使用的翻译限制.
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