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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

681
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
681
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

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Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

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Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
937
Language Development01:22

Language Development

801
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

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The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
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双语者使用两种语言的分布来处理传入的单词.

Sarah Frances Phillips1,2, Ailís Cournane2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.

Bilingualism (Cambridge, England)
|January 1, 2026
PubMed
概括

双语的人是双语的人.

科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 语言学的语言学.

背景情况:

  • 由于独特的语言体验,双语语言处理与单语语言处理有所不同.
  • 在双语中,代码交换引入了单词同时出现模式的变化.
  • 词汇分布会影响双语者在线处理语言的方式.

研究的目的:

  • 调查西班牙语决定子 (el, la) 和英语决定子 (the) 的分布性质如何影响西班牙语-英语双语者的预测处理.
  • 检查确定词-名词分布信息在促进名词预测和整合方面的作用.
  • 将双语者的在线处理与已建立的语料库数据进行比较.

主要方法:

  • 使用视觉世界范式来跟踪参与者的眼睛运动.
  • 分析西班牙语-英语双语者的预测和整合能力,基于决定者暴露.
  • 采用集群排列测试来评估统计学意义.

主要成果:

  • 在西班牙语-英语双语中关于男性的"el"和女性的"la"决定者的以前观察到的不对称性的复制.
  • 在名词预测和整合中发现了显著的差异,这取决于"el"",la"或"the"是否在名词之前.
  • 双语者表现出不同的处理模式,受特定决定因素环境的影响.
关键词:
这是代码交换.语法上的性别.语言理解语言理解.分析分析是如何分析的视觉世界范式 视觉世界的范式

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相关实验视频

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结论:

  • 双语者的在线语言处理是由单语言和代码交换环境中遇到的分布规范调节的.
  • 跨语言的确定因素的相对频率和同时出现形成了预测处理.
  • 研究结果表明,双语者利用跨语言的分布信息来增强实时语言理解.