Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

18.7K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
18.7K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

17.1K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.1K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

13.1K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.1K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

19.3K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
19.3K
Transposons01:24

Transposons

1.2K
Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
1.2K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.6K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.6K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

A Comment on: 'Towards a universal definition of 'domestication'' (2025), by Lord et al.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

ZNF16 is a nucleolar-associated protein that regulates expression of rDNA and cancer-associated genes.

Biology open·2025
Same author

ZNF16 is a nucleolar-associated protein that regulates expression of the rDNA and cancer-associated genes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

<i>WBSCR</i> Locus: At the Crossroads of Human Behavioral Disorders and Domestication of Animals.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025
Same author

<i>Bos taurus</i> and <i>Bison bison</i> conservative retrotransposon recombination products.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2025
Same author

The 29-nucleotide deletion in SARS-CoV: truncated versions of ORF8 are under purifying selection.

BMC genomics·2023

相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
04:04

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.7K

可转化元素的结构异质性和功能融合.

Gleb Yu Kosovsky1, Galina V Glazko2, Tatiana T Glazko1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Afanas'ev Research Institute of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Rabbit Breeding, Moscow, Russia.

Frontiers in genetics
|January 1, 2026
PubMed
概括

哺乳动物基因组中的可转移元素 (TE) 频率是特定于物种的,不受基因特征的影响. 古代和年轻的TE显示出明显的相关性,这表明调节相互作用塑造了TE放大.

关键词:
在进化过程中被保存.监管要素 监管元素 监管元素子 子 子 子转位子转位子古和年轻重复.

更多相关视频

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
11:52

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

8.8K
Identification of Functionally-Relevant Lentivirus Integration Sites in an Insertional Mutagenesis Cell Library
07:28

Identification of Functionally-Relevant Lentivirus Integration Sites in an Insertional Mutagenesis Cell Library

Published on: January 10, 2025

655

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 7, 2026

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity
04:04

Real-Time Quantification of the Effects of IS200/IS605 Family-Associated TnpB on Transposon Activity

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.7K
Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
11:52

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

8.8K
Identification of Functionally-Relevant Lentivirus Integration Sites in an Insertional Mutagenesis Cell Library
07:28

Identification of Functionally-Relevant Lentivirus Integration Sites in an Insertional Mutagenesis Cell Library

Published on: January 10, 2025

655

科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 进化生物学 进化生物学

背景情况:

  • 哺乳动物的基因组主要由可转移元素 (TE) 组成.
  • TE分布可以与基因组重组和基因定位相关.
  • 了解TE分布对于理解基因组进化至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 分析人类,牛和子中各种TE的局部基因组分布.
  • 研究TE频率与基因特征 (长度,功能,染色体定位) 之间的关系.
  • 探索TE组成和古老/年轻TE比率的特定物种差异.

主要方法:

  • 在三种哺乳动物物种中对 TE 分布的比较基因组分析.
  • 检查不同功能和位置的蛋白质编码基因内和侧面的TE.
  • 统计分析不同TE类型和年龄类别之间的相关性.

主要成果:

  • TE频率是特定于物种的,独立于基因长度,功能或染色体定位.
  • 在古老与年轻的短间隔核元素 (SINEs) 和长间隔核元素 (LINEs) 的比例中观察到显著的物种特异性差异.
  • 古代SINEs/LINEs和LTR-ERV之间的正相关性;年轻SINEs/LINEs和DNA转位子之间的负相关性.

结论:

  • TE分布模式主要由特定物种因素而不是基因相关特征决定.
  • 潜在的监管动机介导的TEs之间的相互作用和竞争关系影响了它们的放大.
  • 主管监管系统在可转移元素的放大动态中发挥作用.