美国的健康和儿科长期COVID的社会决定因素
Kyung E Rhee1, Tanayott Thaweethai2,3, Deepti B Pant2
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Community Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego.
JAMA pediatrics
|January 6, 2026
概括
健康的不利社会决定因素,包括粮食不安全和社会环境不佳的经济不稳定,增加了儿科长期COVID的风险. 解决这些因素可能有助于减少儿童长期COVID的发病率.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 全球数百万儿童患有SARS-CoV-2感染后的长期症状,对社会风险因素的理解有限.
- 假设健康的不利社会决定因素 (SDOH) 在儿童长期COVID的发展中发挥作用,因为它们对儿童环境的影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究美国学龄儿童和青少年中不良SDOH和长期COVID的几率增加之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及52个美国地点的多中心,纵向元队列研究的横截面分析.
- 包括有学龄儿童 (6-11岁) 和有SARS-CoV-2感染史的青少年 (12-17岁).
- 在5个健康人2030 SDOH领域 (经济稳定,社会/社区环境,照顾者教育,社区,医疗保健准入) 中利用了潜伏类,用于回归建模.
主要成果:
- 经济不稳定,特别是与粮食不安全相结合时,与儿科长期COVID的几率增加显著相关 (aORs从1.57到2.39不等).
- 糟糕的社会和社区环境,包括高歧视和低社会支持,也显示出与长期COVID的更高几率的显著关联 (aOR, 2.17).
- 没有粮食不安全的经济不稳定与长期COVID的几率增加没有显著关联.
结论:
- 经济不稳定 (尤其是粮食不安全) 和不良的社会/社区环境与患儿长期COVID的可能性更高有关.
- 尽管存在其他经济挑战,但粮食安全似乎可以减轻长期COVID的风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索针对SDOH的干预措施,以潜在地降低儿科长期COVID发病率.
相关概念视频
01:18Factors Affecting Illness
5.0K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
5.0K
01:26Longitudinal Studies
469
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
469
01:21Dimensions of Health and Illness
10.4K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
10.4K
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
736
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
736
02:20Longitudinal Research
13.1K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
13.1K
01:17Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution
251
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
251