将身体信息与面部信息相结合,将注意力从种族上转移,改变了种族偏见的武器识别
Samuel A W Klein1, Bethany Lassetter2, Rebecca Neel3
1Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. sak2290@columbia.edu.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|January 6, 2026
概括
在视觉素数中,包括身体线索与面部信息一起,消除了武器识别中的种族偏见. 这表明,更丰富的社会背景可以减轻基于种族的自动处理.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
背景情况:
- 种族偏见的武器识别,在黑人 (vs. 白人) 面部素数之后,枪支被识别得更快,这是一个记录良好的现象.
- 以前的研究表明,添加非种族面部信息,如年龄,除非增加其突出性,否则不会显著减少这种偏见.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否将面部和身体纳入视觉原数中,可以缓和种族偏见的武器识别.
- 检查如何更丰富的社会背景,超越面部线索单独,影响基于种族的决策过程中的处理.
主要方法:
- 两个实验 (N=590) 采用了一种序列原始化任务,使用面数和面数和体数的原始数.
- 使用扩散决策建模和多项处理树建模来分析决策过程和注意力分配.
主要成果:
- 武器识别中的种族偏见观察到只有面部的素数,复制了先前的发现.
- 当素数包括面孔和身体时,这种偏见消失了,这表明更丰富的社会背景减轻了这种影响.
- 决策建模表明,种族线索影响了只有面部质数的决策的起点,但不是面部和身体质数.
结论:
- 将上下文信息扩展到包括身体与面部一起,有效地减少了种族偏见的武器识别.
- 注意型模型表明,更丰富的社会背景,包括身体,导致对种族的注意力下降,并保留了对年龄等其他社会线索的注意力.
- 这些发现有助于理解情境因素如何影响基于种族的自动决策过程.
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