使用SWAT在阿吉马流域,上蓝尼罗河盆地,埃塞俄比亚的SWAT模拟排水,沉积物产量和保护措施
Samuel Dagalo Hatiye1, Terefe Kebede Tilahun1,2, Muluneh Legesse Edamo1
1Arba Minch Water Technology Institute, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Scientific reports
|January 6, 2026
概括
流水和沉积物产量在埃塞俄比亚的阿吉马流域带来了环境挑战. 露台建筑成为最有效的保护措施,降低了超过57%的沉积物产量.
科学领域:
- 水文学的水文学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤保护 土壤保护
背景情况:
- 表面下水和沉积物产量带来了重大的经济和环境挑战.
- 关于埃塞俄比亚阿吉马流域,上蓝尼罗河流域的流水和沉积产量存在有限的研究.
- 了解这些过程对于有效的土地和水资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用SWAT水文模型,模拟流水,沉积物产量,并评估Ajima流域的保护措施.
- 通过灵敏度分析,确定表面流水和沉积物产量的关键模型参数.
- 建议和评估各种土壤和保护实践的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用了土壤和水资源评估工具 (SWAT) 的水文模型.
- 进行了灵敏度分析,以确定关键模型参数 (流量流量的ESCO,沉积物产量的USLE-MP).
- 使用月度流量和沉积物产量数据 (1990-2013) 校准和验证模型,并使用R2,NSE,PBIAS和KGE评估性能.
主要成果:
- SWAT模型在模拟溪流和沉积物产量方面表现良好.
- 平均年排水量估计为748毫米,平均年沉积物产量为112.70/公.
- 露台将沉积物产量减少了57%以上 (至48.10/ha),而残留物管理则显示出较小的减少 (至107.17/ha).
结论:
- 露台铺设是减少阿吉马流域沉积物产量的最有效的保护实践.
- 对于中等到低侵蚀风险地区,建议进行边缘耕种,带式耕种和残留管理.
- 该研究为该地区的侵蚀和沉积管理提供了有价值的数据,倡导在高侵蚀区域进行露台化.
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