在衰老和帕金森病中探索单任务和双任务行走期间的步态自动性和前额头大脑活动
Alexander Kvist1, Daniel S Peterson2, Lucian Bezuidenhout3,4
1Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. alexander.kvist@ki.se.
Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation
|January 6, 2026
概括
在帕金森病 (PD) 中,减弱的步行自动性与前额叶皮质活动增加有关,这表明大脑的补偿机制. 在老年人 (OA) 中,行走期间的前额活动主要与年龄有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 步态生物力学 步态生物力学
- 认知神经学 认知神经学
背景情况:
- 双重任务 (在执行认知任务的同时行走) 损害了步态,特别是在帕金森病 (PD) 中,增加了跌倒的风险.
- 这种损伤与运动机动自动性降低和潜在的过度依赖前额头资源进行补偿有关.
- 很少有研究直接将步行自动性,认知能力和PD和老年人 (OA) 的前额活动联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 描述OA和PD患者对步态和前额活动的双重任务效应.
- 确定前额活动和步行自动性 (步骤时间变化) 之间的关系.
- 探索执行功能如何在双重任务行走期间调节补偿机制.
主要方法:
- 44名OA和37名PD患者带有和没有听觉Stroop任务行走.
- 使用惯性测量单位测量了步行;使用功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 评估了前额活动.
- 执行功能使用Trail Making Test进行评估;线性回归分析了关系.
主要成果:
- 大多数参与者在双重任务期间优先考虑认知.
- 在单任务和双任务行走期间,OA显示出比PD更大的前额活动.
- 在PD中,增加的步骤时间变化与更高的前额活动相关,这表明对失去了步行自动性的补偿.
结论:
- 在PD中,减弱的步行自动性与前额叶皮层激活的增加有关,这表明补偿策略.
- 在OA中,行走期间的前额活动似乎主要受到年龄的影响,而不是步态自动性或双重任务需求.
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