结肠镜中的人工智能:对腺瘤与多体检测率的系统审查
Waseem Rabba1, Fatima Asif2, Muhammad Y Younis3
1Health Sciences, McMaster University, Vaughan, CAN.
Cureus
|January 6, 2026
概括
结肠镜中的人工智能 (AI) 显著提高了腺瘤检测率 (ADR) 和多检测率 (PDR). 这种人工智能辅助的方法增强了结直肠癌的早期检测,特别是在小或平面的息肉.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 结肠镜对于预防结肠直肠癌至关重要,但患有高腺瘤遗漏率.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是计算机辅助检测 (CADe) 系统,有可能改善结肠镜检查期间的病变识别.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和比较人工智能辅助结肠镜与传统结肠镜在改善腺瘤检测率 (ADR) 和聚检测率 (PDR) 的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase和Cochrane图书馆 (2015-2025) 的系统搜索中,确定了17项随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 考克伦偏差风险2.0 (RoB 2.0) 评估了方法质量,使用robVis工具生成的视觉摘要.
主要成果:
- 在所有包括的研究中,人工智能辅助结肠镜与传统方法相比,显著增强了ADR和PDR.
- 腺瘤的检测准确率超过85%,而聚的检测准确率超过90%.
- 人工智能在检测小型和平面腺瘤方面表现出特别的好处,这些腺瘤在标准结肠镜检查中经常错过.
结论:
- 结肠镜中的人工智能与腺瘤和息肉检测的增加密切相关,减少了诊断不足.
- 人工智能显示出重要的临床前景,作为胃肠病学家的决策支持工具,增强结肠直肠癌查和预防.
- 未来的研究应该专注于成本效益高,实用的AI应用,并将其整合到临床实践中.
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