轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默氏症痴呆症患者的识别记忆:系统性审查
María Julieta Russo1, José Bueri2, Lucía Alba-Ferrara2
1Instituto de Neurociencias (INEU) Fleni, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones en Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Applied neuropsychology. Adult
|January 6, 2026
概括
识别记忆,特别是区分熟悉和回忆,对于早期发现阿尔茨海默病至关重要. 记忆障碍在轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和AD中很常见,有助于预测痴呆症进展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 情节性记忆障碍,特别是回忆缺陷,是已知的阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的早期症状.
- 识别记忆及其组成部分熟悉性和回忆在预发性阿尔茨海默病中的作用不太清楚.
- 了解这些过程对于早期诊断和干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在健康对照组 (HC),轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和AD中系统地审查和综合识别记忆表现的证据.
- 专注于这些群体中熟悉和回忆的独特贡献.
- 评估在AD连续性中识别记忆评估的实用性.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Science Direct,PubPsych和TRIP数据库中进行系统搜索,直到2025年11月.
- 包括46项研究 (n=3996),使用验证的工具调查MCI和AD的识别记忆.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度和PROSPERO注册方法质量的评估.
主要成果:
- 记忆在MCI和AD中一直受到损害,而熟悉性则有所不同,在早期MCI中被保留但在后期阶段受到损害.
- 海马缩与回忆缺陷相关;与熟悉性障碍相关的内腔/副海马变化.
- 综合回忆和识别缺陷,特别是编码失败,预测痴呆症转化.
结论:
- 识别记忆评估,区分熟悉和回忆,为早期AD检测和预后提供了宝贵的见解.
- 整合详细的识别记忆措施可以提高诊断准确度,并使及时干预成为可能.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究来确认识别记忆作为痴呆症预测因素,并标准化其评估.
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