在低收入租户中,COVID-19紧急租金援助改善了心理健康护理和心理治疗的使用
Wei Kang1, Qingfang Wang2, Tyler D Hoffman3
1Wei Kang (wei.kang@ucr.edu), University of California Riverside, Riverside, California.
Health affairs (Project Hope)
|January 6, 2026
概括
紧急租金援助 (ERA) 计划通过帮助解决住房不安全问题,并为心理健康护理释放资源,减少了焦虑和抑郁症状. 未来的计划可以改善住房和健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 心理健康服务 心理健康服务
背景情况:
- 住房不安全是心理健康的重要社会决定因素.
- COVID-19大流行加剧了美国的住房不安全,特别是在低收入租户中.
- 联邦紧急租援助 (ERA) 计划是为了减轻与流行病相关的住房不稳定性而实施的.
研究的目的:
- 评估ERA计划对心理健康结果,特别是焦虑和抑郁症状的影响.
- 评估ERA对使用心理健康护理服务的影响.
- 调查ERA影响心理健康和护理使用的机制,区分间接 (住房减轻) 和直接 (资源可用性) 影响.
主要方法:
- 使用2021-23年家庭脉冲调查数据的准实验设计.
- 雇佣因果调解分析来检查ERA影响的间接和直接途径.
- 专注于经历住房不安全的低收入租户.
主要成果:
- ERA显著降低了焦虑和抑郁症的症状.
- 这些减少是通过间接效应 (缓解住房不安全) 和直接效应 (提供财政资源) 来实现的.
- 在焦虑或抑郁症状的租户中,ERA增加了心理治疗的使用,主要是通过直接影响.
结论:
- 欧洲移民局的计划证明了双重好处,改善心理健康,解决住房不安全问题,并直接实现获得护理.
- 未来的租金援助计划应该整合一些简化申请流程和加快福利交付的功能.
- 优化交付机制可以提高援助计划的能力,同时解决紧急的心理健康需求和住房稳定.
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