欧洲认知健康预期中的教育和性别差距:使用SHARE进行基于流行率的分析
Donata Stonkute1, Angelo Lorenti2, Jo Mhairi Hale3
1Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Rostock, Germany; Max Planck - University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health, Helsinki, Finland; The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|January 6, 2026
概括
在认知健康方面的教育差异在欧洲各地有很大差异,特别影响中欧和东欧国家低教育程度的女性. 北欧国家显示差距较小,表明缓解战略的潜力.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 教育差异导致欧洲国家和性别之间的异质认知健康结果.
- 认知储备的积累和下降受到文化,制度和生存过程的影响.
- 了解教育和性别对认知健康预期的差异对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索男性和女性认知健康期望 (CHE) 的教育差异在欧洲背景下如何不同.
- 分析国家背景在与认知健康相关的教育不平等中的作用.
- 为了确定人口群体,由于教育劣势而面临认知障碍的风险最大.
主要方法:
- 利用欧洲健康,老龄化和退休调查 (SHARE) 来自10个欧洲国家的数据.
- 应用了多变量生命表方法和沙利文方法来估计50岁时根据性别和教育程度的认知健康预期 (CHE).
- 计算了CHE与剩余预期寿命的比例.
主要成果:
- 在认知健康的教育不平等中,在欧洲国家背景下观察到显著的差异.
- 在认知健康方面,最明显的教育不平等现象出现在中欧和东欧 (CEE) 国家,尤其影响女性.
- 低教育程度的个人,特别是中东欧国家的妇女,面临着显著的劣势,尽管这些地区的教育水平总体上较高.
结论:
- 对认知健康的教育益处在欧洲背景和性别上并不统一.
- 低教育程度是认知健康差异的关键风险因素,尤其是在中东欧地区的妇女中.
- 在北欧国家观察到的较小差异凸显了减轻认知衰老中的教育不平等政策的潜力.
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