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热暴露对工人健康和安全的影响:范围审查
Xiaocong Guo1, Chizitara Nkwopara2, Cheryl E Peters3,4
1School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada xiaocong@student.ubc.ca.
Occupational and environmental medicine
|January 6, 2026
概括
职业热暴露影响全球工人的健康,关于风险的证据各不相同. 制定量身定制的热政策对于保护员工免受急性和慢性疾病的保护至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 之前对职业热暴露的审查范围有限,专注于特定的疾病,行业或国家.
- 有效的热政策需要全面了解全球健康影响和改变因素.
研究的目的:
- 总结与职业热暴露相关的健康结果的全球流行病学证据.
- 检查影响工人热量健康关联的因素.
- 识别知识缺口,以制定有效的,管辖区特定的热政策.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Ovid MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Web of Science) 和灰色文献来源中进行了系统的搜索.
- 包括92项研究,调查职业热暴露与各种健康结果之间的关联.
- 使用叙事合成方法来比较和对比发现.
主要成果:
- 该审查包括92项关于各种健康结果的研究:疾病,伤害,与热有关的疾病/死亡,脏/心血管疾病,癌症,骨密度,皮肤/眼部疾病,不孕不育和死亡率.
- 关于热量与健康的关联存在相互矛盾的证据,一些研究表明风险增加,另一些研究显示在极端温度下风险降低,而另一些则没有关联.
- 差异可能源于热量测量,结果确定,方法,地理和人口/工作相关/个人因素的变化.
结论:
- 特定司法管辖区的热量政策对于保护工人免受职业热量暴露引起的急性和慢性健康问题至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决相互矛盾的证据,并完善热-健康关联的理解.
- 有效的政策需要考虑热量影响的地理和个体差异.
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