在老年墨西哥裔美国人中,邻居处境不利,功能困难和认知能力下降
Weidi Qin1, Lucia Cavanagh2, Joshua Owens3
1Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA, 1350 University Ave, 53706. wqin8@wisc.edu.
Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities
|January 6, 2026
概括
功能困难加快了老年墨西哥裔美国人的认知衰退. 邻里处于不利地位加剧了这种下降,特别是对于那些日常生活限制的工具活动的人来说,这强调了社区层面干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降不成比例地影响老年墨西哥裔美国人.
- 了解生物心理社会因素对于这一群体的认知健康至关重要.
- 现有研究强调了对功能困难和邻居环境的研究的需要.
研究的目的:
- 调查功能困难和认知衰退之间的纵向关联.
- 确定邻居处境不利对老年墨西哥裔美国人的认知衰退的缓解效应.
- 为认知健康提供文化响应性干预信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自西班牙裔定居人口的四个数据波,用于老年人的流行病学研究 (2004-2013).
- 包括1,189名年长的墨西哥裔美国人,基线微型精神状态检查 (MMSE) 分数≥21.
- 采用多层混合效应回归模型,分析认知功能 (MMSE),功能困难 (ADL/IADL) 和邻居劣势指标.
主要成果:
- 日常生活活动 (ADL) 的限制与平均MMSE得分下降0.70.7显著相关.
- 患有ADL/IADL困难的参与者经历了加速的认知衰退.
- 邻里处于不利地位缓和了IADL困难和认知衰退之间的关联.
结论:
- 邻里处于不利地位,作为社会经济压力因素,影响功能障碍老年墨西哥裔美国人的认知健康.
- 有针对性的,文化相关的社区级干预措施可以减轻认知能力下降的风险.
- 解决功能限制和社区环境对于促进这一群体的认知健康至关重要.
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