在注射器服务计划中对A型和B型肝炎查和免疫的观点:混合方法研究
Subul Malik1, Marina Plesons2,3, Monica Faraldo2
1Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. subul.malik@med.miami.edu.
Harm reduction journal
|January 6, 2026
概括
注射药物使用者 (PWID) 面临的障碍是获得甲型肝炎 (HAV) 和乙型肝炎 (HBV) 服务. 注射器服务计划 (SSP) 可以通过综合的,以减少伤害为重点的护理来改善接入.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 注射药物使用者 (PWID) 患有病毒性肝炎的风险很高,但甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 和乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 预防服务未得到充分利用.
- 注射器服务计划 (SSP) 是提供这些服务的有效设置,但目前很少有人提供这些服务.
- 在SSP中优化HAV和HBV服务的定性见解有限.
研究的目的:
- 探索提供HAV和HBV预防和护理服务的障碍和促进者.
- 了解PWID和SSP工作人员对优化SSP内这些服务的观点.
- 确定改善SSP服务交付的机会.
主要方法:
- 在佛罗里达州迈阿密的一家SSP进行了一项混合方法研究.
- 从SSP数据库中提取了疫苗管理的定量数据 (2023年8月至2025年5月).
- 通过对2022年5月15名PWID和11名SSP工作人员进行深入采访来收集定性数据,并使用专题分析进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在2023年8月至2025年5月期间,SSP接种了114剂HAV和176剂HBV疫苗.
- 由PWID和工作人员发现的关键障碍包括有限的知识,耻辱,资源/运输挑战和导航困难.
- 基于SSP的服务的促进者在同一个位置,按需护理和非耻辱化的环境;机会包括激励和扩大外展.
结论:
- 在传统医疗环境中,PWID在病毒性肝炎服务方面遇到了巨大的障碍.
- 将HAV和HBV服务集成到SSP中,通过利用信任,方便和减少危害的原则,提高了可访问性和普及性.
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