她可能是自闭症吗? 在自闭症和边界性人格障碍中探索伪装和实用性的性别差异
Raquel Sotos Gracia1, Patricia López Resa1, Andreea Ioana María Escudero Timerman1
1Department of Psychology Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.
Clinical psychology & psychotherapy
|January 7, 2026
概括
社会伪装影响了自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和边缘性人格障碍 (BPD) 的成年人诊断. 性别影响着伪装如何影响务实技能,突出了需要性别敏感的诊断方法.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神病的并发症 精神病并发症
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 假设社会伪装,一种掩盖自闭症特征的策略,有助于低诊断自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),特别是在女性中.
- 边界性人格障碍 (BPD) 与ASD有一些重叠的症状,使差异诊断复杂化.
- 性别在神经发育和人格障碍的表现和认知中起着重要作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究ASD和BPD成年人的社会伪装和务实能力之间的关系.
- 检查伪装策略中的性别差异及其对诊断准确性的影响.
- 探索伪装如何影响跨性别的ASD和BPD之间的差异化.
主要方法:
- 对225名被诊断为ASD或BPD的成年人进行了横截面在线调查.
- 参与者完成了伪装自闭症特征问卷 (CAT-Q) 和实用意识问卷 (PAQ).
- 通过根据临床诊断 (ASD/BPD) 和自我认同的性别 (女性,男性,性别不同) 来分组参与者来分析数据.
主要成果:
- 患有ASD和BPD的女性表现出类似的伪装得分,这表明重叠的适应策略可能会阻碍差异化.
- 在男性中,伪装和实用性缺陷与自闭症特征更为密切相关.
- 性别多样性的参与者没有表现出实质性的差异,这表明了上下文和身份因素的影响.
结论:
- 这些发现强调了需要在ASD和BPD的差异诊断中进行详细的务实评估.
- 采用性别敏感的诊断方法对于改善识别自闭症特征至关重要,特别是在有效伪装的个体中.
- 减少误诊需要了解伪装如何与性别和临床表现相互作用.
相关概念视频
Modeling in Therapy
377
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
377
Borderline Personality Disorder
516
Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
516
Autism Spectrum Disorder
956
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
956
Dark Triad and Person Perception
259
Person perception is influenced by both external behaviors and the observer’s internal characteristics, including personality traits. Individuals with dark personality traits, comprising psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism — collectively known as the dark triad – exhibit manipulative and exploitative tendencies in social contexts. These traits affect how they perceive others and how they are perceived.The Role of Dark Personality Traits in Person PerceptionBlack et...
259
Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant
690
Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
690
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid
506
Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
506


