慢性饮酒会导致血造干细胞和祖细胞的炎症和转位子抑制
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 7, 2026
概括
长期使用酒精会导致血液造血干细胞 (HSPC) 中的炎症和骨髓偏差,特别是在老年人中. 然而,HSPC的自我更新能力仍然完好无损,这表明戒酒后的潜在恢复.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 慢性饮酒与胰岛素减小和免疫反应减弱有关.
- 酒精对造血干细胞 (HSPC) 的直接影响和衰老的作用仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查慢性酒精使用如何影响人类和小鼠HSPCs.
- 为了确定衰老是否会改变酒精对HSPC的影响.
- 探索酒精诱导的HSPC变化背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 人类和小鼠HSPCs的单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq).
- 在老老的小鼠HSPC中使用测序 (scATAC-seq) 检测转化酶可访问性染色质的单细胞检测.
- 人类HSPCs的异种移植.
- 对表观遗传变化和转子子子活动的分析.
主要成果:
- 暴露于酒精诱导了骨髓质偏差,炎症和双链RNA (dsRNA) 传感器在人类HSPCs中的上调.
- 在小鼠中,酒精使HSPCs向骨髓分化,炎症增加,DNA损伤,并根据年龄重新激活可移植元素 (TE).
- 年龄较大的HSPCs在TE位点上显示出增强的染色质可访问性,异常的TE转录,以及先天免疫通路的激活,这有助于炎症.
- 在老老鼠中发现了两个不同的LT-HSC群,其中一个在暴露于酒精后扩大并类似于炎症性HSC.
- 在两种物种中都保留了HSPC自我更新能力,这表明停止后的功能恢复.
结论:
- 慢性酒精消费通过表观遗传失调和转子子子重新激活促进HSPCs的年龄相关炎症和髓状偏差.
- 这些酒精诱导的HSPCs变化可能会加剧炎症,特别是在老年人中.
- HSPC的自我更新具有弹性,表明戒酒可能允许功能恢复.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.9K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.9K
Cell Specific Gene Expression
16.2K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
16.2K
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
662
The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
662
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.8K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.8K
Hematopoiesis
8.6K
The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
8.6K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.4K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.4K


