孕产妇的营养,有毒物质和代际肥胖的表观遗传编程
Esther Ugo Alum1,2, Henry Egi Aloh3, David Chukwu Obasi4,5
1Department of Research and Publications, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda.
Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
|January 7, 2026
概括
孕妇的营养和在怀孕期间接触有毒物质会在表观遗传上编程后代的肥胖. 联合暴露,特别是在资源较少的环境中,加剧了这种风险,但营养素可以提供保护,告知精确干预.
科学领域:
- 健康和疾病的发育起源 (DOHaD)
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 子宫内环境极大地影响终身健康.
- 孕产妇的营养和暴露于有毒物质是导致后代肥胖和心脏代谢疾病的关键因素.
- 现有的审查经常单独检查营养和有毒物质,限制了对它们联合表观遗传影响的理解.
研究的目的:
- 整合关于母亲的营养和有毒物质暴露如何通过表观遗传机制融合以影响后代肥胖风险的证据.
- 概述了减轻代际代谢疾病的转化机会.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2025年的PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science的研究进行了叙事审查.
- 搜索术语包括孕产妇营养,环境毒素,表观遗传机制和后代肥胖.
- 包括动物模型研究,人类队列和干预试验,将母亲暴露与表观遗传变化和代谢疾病联系起来.
主要成果:
- 母亲的饮食不平衡和过多的热量摄入导致表观遗传变化,增加后代肥胖的风险.
- 产前暴露于有毒物质会改变DNA甲基化,基因素修饰和非编码RNA,扩大肥胖的脆弱性.
- 营养不足和毒性物质暴露的结合造成了"双重负担",加剧了表观遗传不稳定性,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
结论:
- 孕产妇的营养和有毒物质在表观遗传上相互作用,对后代的肥胖和相关疾病进行编程.
- 精准营养,环境法规和早期表观遗传生物标志物是有前途的预防策略.
- 进一步的研究需要大规模的,多代的队列和多omics的方法,以告知公平的政策,反对代际代谢疾病.
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