产前不良状况和持续的青少年精神病理和改变皮层稀释的风险
Dongmei Zhi1,2, Sofia A Perdomo2,3, Liam R Arteaga1,2
1Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
JAMA psychiatry
|January 7, 2026
概括
多重不良产前暴露 (APE) 与青少年持续的精神病理学和加速的大脑皮层稀释有关. 这些发现强调了产前发育在终身心理健康中的关键作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 不良的产前暴露 (APE) 经常同时发生,并且独立地增加了儿童精神病理的风险.
- 目前尚不确定多重APE是否会导致青春期持续的临床效应或影响大脑成熟.
研究的目的:
- 评估累积APE负担,精神病理风险和青少年与年龄相关的皮质稀薄之间的纵向关联.
主要方法:
- 这项队列研究分析了青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中8,515名儿童的4年随访数据.
- 累积的APE负担是从6次产前暴露中计算出来的. 结果包括儿童行为检查清单 (CBCL) 评分和结构性MRI衍生的皮质厚度.
- 对414对具有不一致APE的兄弟姐妹进行了兄弟姐妹比较分析.
主要成果:
- 78%的儿童至少经历过一次APE. 多个APE显示了一种剂量依赖的关联,增加了临床显著精神病理的几率.
- 随着时间的推移,与ADHD症状的关联减弱,而患有抑郁症状的关联增强. 在68个区域中,36个区域的APE负担增加与皮质稀薄加速相关.
- 具有较高APE负担的兄弟姐妹表现出持续较高的精神病理学得分,并在特定的大脑区域加速皮质稀释.
结论:
- 多重产前逆境与心理病理和皮质成熟到青春期中期的发育轨迹的改变有关.
- 这些发现强调了胎儿编程对整个生命周期的心理健康的重要性.
- 对子宫内风险和弹性因素的进一步研究是有必要的.
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