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维多利亚湖沉积物中的新兴有机污染物:空间模式,来源和生态风险

Merolyne Natuhwera¹, Patrick Ssebugere², Kenneth Arinaitwe³

¹Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.

The Science of the total environment

|January 7, 2026

概括

在乌干达,肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的维多利亚湖沉积物中发现了令人关注的污染物 (CEC). 许多检测到的化学物质对水生生物构成高生态风险,需要采取区域行动.

科学领域:

环境化学环境化学
生态毒理学生态毒理学
分析化学分析化学

背景情况:

维多利亚湖面临着来自不同人为源的污染压力日益增加.
新兴关注的污染物 (CEC) 在维多利亚湖生态系统中广泛存在,但研究不足.
沉积物充当污染物的沉池,可能会影响谷底生物.

研究的目的:

在乌干达,肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚进行维多利亚湖沉积物中首次全面评估CEC.
识别和量化各种类别的CEC,包括药品,工业化学品和农药.
评估检测到的CEC对沉积物中息的生物构成的生态风险.

主要方法:

使用超高性能液态色谱学与高分辨率质谱学 (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) 结合使用广域选.
在雨季 (2019年9月) 收集的38个表面沉积物样本的分析.
使用风险系数 (RQ) 方法进行生态风险评估.

主要成果:

在2400多个目标中,有136个被检测到在维多利亚湖沉积物中.
在北部和东北部海岸观察到的污染物负载最高,与城市和河流输入有关.
乌干达,肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚方面没有发现CEC的显著差异,这表明了跨境污染.
46%的检测到的CEC对沉积物中生活的生物构成高生态风险 (RQ > 1).
药品,植物保护产品 (PPP) 和工业化学品被确定为主要威胁.
由于高风险得分和潜在的生态毒性,七个中产区被优先考虑为未来的监测.

结论:

在维多利亚湖沉积物中,CECs是一个重要的跨境污染物问题.
检测到的大量CEC对湖泊生态系统构成高风险.
迫切需要协调区域监测,改进废水处理和以沉积物为中心的风险管理策略.
具体的化合物,如卡巴马泽,代谢物,17-β雌激醇,DEHP和西马,由于它们的存在和列出的危险性质,需要特别注意.

关键词:

生态风险评估生态风险评估新出现的污染物新出现的污染物维多利亚湖是维多利亚湖.沉积物沉积物是一种沉积物.消息来源消息来源消息来源空间分布的空间分布

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