辅助性流感疫苗接种增加了先前存在的H5N1交叉反应抗体
Mariana Alcocer Bonifaz1, Disha Bhavsar2,3, Claire-Anne Siegrist1
1Center of Vaccinology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Nature communications
|January 7, 2026
概括
流行性H1N1疫苗接种,特别是AS03辅助剂,可以增强对禽流感H5N1病毒的交叉反应性抗体. 预先存在的免疫,受到免疫印记的影响,塑造了这些反应.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 高致病性H5N1禽流感 (clade 2.3.4.4b) 构成流行病威胁.
- 在人类H5N1感染中,疾病严重程度的不同可能源于先前存在的抗体.
- 了解交叉反应性抗体反应对于疫情准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述H5N1交叉反应抗体的特征.
- 评估AS03辅助的流行性H1N1和季节性流感疫苗接种对H5N1抗体标位的影响.
- 研究免疫印记在疫苗接种前的抗体模式中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用基于膀性口腔炎病毒的伪病毒系统来检测H5N1交叉中和抗体.
- 测量了针对各种流感病毒抗原的IgG抗体标位.
- 从临床试验#NCT05794412和#NCT01022905.5中分析了人群中的抗体反应.
主要成果:
- 与抑制真实H5N1病毒传播相关的H5N1交叉中和抗体,抗血凝素茎和抗三元血凝素抗体.
- AS03辅助型大流行H1N1疫苗接种在部分先前未接种的人群中显著增加了H5N1交叉反应抗体.
- 免疫印记被确定为影响不同疫苗接种前H5N1交叉反应抗体配置的因素.
结论:
- AS03辅助型大流行H1N1疫苗接种有效增强对H5N1禽流感的交叉保护性免疫力.
- 免疫印记显著塑造了对流感病毒的先前存在的抗体反应.
- 调查结果为疫苗开发和对禽流感的流行病准备策略提供了信息.
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