新生儿慢性呼吸道疾病的随访:基于当前证据的更新
Allan Jenkinson1, Theodore Dassios2,3,4
1Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
European journal of pediatrics
|January 7, 2026
概括
对于极度早产的婴儿,特别是患有支气管肺功能障碍的婴儿,心肺功能随访需要延伸到成年早期. 评估应包括针对性干预的肺功能,血管疾病和运动测试.
科学领域:
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 心脏呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 过早分娩导致慢性呼吸道疾病,影响呼吸道功能,肺和心脏形态.
- 这种发病率持续到童年,青春期和成年期,缺乏基于证据的长期随访指南.
- 现有的随访往往在两岁时停止,主要评估肺功能,但错过了其他关键的心肺呼吸系统方面.
研究的目的:
- 提供有关极度早产婴儿心肺呼吸系统随访的现有证据的最新审查.
- 强调需要扩展和全面的后续检查方案,特别是对于患有支气管肺功能障碍的婴儿.
- 为了强调呼吸系统疾病的复杂,多系统的性质,早产后.
主要方法:
- 对极度早产婴儿的心肺呼吸系统随访现有证据的叙述性综述.
- 分析现有的关于该人群的长期心肺呼吸系统结果的文献.
- 综合发现,为未来的后续战略提出建议.
主要成果:
- 目前的后续实践的频率,组成部分和持续时间存在显著差异.
- 两岁以上的研究主要集中在肺功能障碍的螺旋计上.
- 最近的证据确定了呼吸系统疾病的不同表型,包括肺血管疾病,瘤异常和心肺呼吸能力受损.
结论:
- 随访应延伸到成年早期,以捕捉心肺呼吸系统并发症的全部范围.
- 综合性评估应包括肺功能,肺血管疾病,辅酶体疾病和心肺呼吸系统运动测试.
- 需要基于随访期间确定的主导病理生理过程的个性化,有针对性的干预措施.
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