低负荷血流限制训练与高负荷阻力训练对神经肌肉性能和神经肌肉激活的影响
Romina Ledergerber1, Paul Ritsche1, Eric Lichtenstein1
1Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|January 8, 2026
概括
与高负荷 (HL) 训练相比,低负荷血流限制 (BFR) 训练在神经肌肉功能上的改善较小. 虽然短暂的HL阶段有所帮助,但它不能完全匹配连续HL训练的好处.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 神经肌肉适应的过程
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 低负荷血流限制 (BFR) 训练是高负荷 (HL) 阻力训练的替代方案,特别是当最小化机械应力至关重要时.
- BFR对神经肌肉激活和性能适应的影响需要进一步澄清.
- 了解这些适应是优化各种人群培训协议的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较8周内BFR和HL膝盖延伸器训练之间的自愿激活 (VA) 和神经肌肉性能的变化.
- 为了研究随后的2周HL阶段对两个训练组的神经肌肉结果的影响.
- 阐明机械负荷强度在驱动神经肌肉适应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及37名健康成年人 (37-59岁),接受了为期8周的渐进式BFR或HL膝盖延伸器训练.
- 随后,两组人都接受了为期2周的HL培训.
- 测量包括自愿激活,最大同位体和动力强度,力量发展速度 (RFD) 和跳跃性能.
主要成果:
- 与HL组相比,BFR组在两个训练阶段后在VA,最大同位体和动力强度以及RFD方面表现出明显较小的改善.
- 两组之间的跳跃性能差异是微不足道的.
- 随后的2周HL阶段改善了BFR组的结果,但并不完全等同于持续HL培训的适应.
结论:
- 高机械负荷对于最大限度地提高神经肌肉适应是必不可少的.
- 当高负载最初被禁用时,BFR训练可以作为准备性干预.
- 随访高负荷训练是必要的,以实现最佳的神经肌肉改善后BFR.
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