相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 13, 2026
07:52
Revised and Neuroimaging-Compatible Versions of the Dual Task Screen
Published on: October 5, 2020
4.0K
信用频率合规悖论和城市职业健康中的双轨危险演变
Xiaoting Zhu1, Junjie Ye1, Shihong Sun1
1Guangzhou Tianhe District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangzhou Tianhe District Health Supervision Institute), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in public health
|January 8, 2026
概括
小企业显示出更高的职业健康合规性,挑战传统观点. 新兴风险,如城市地区的噪音增加,而传统的危险减少,表明后工业环境中的双轨危险演变.
科学领域:
- 职业健康和安全问题 职业健康和安全问题
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 城市研究 城市研究
背景情况:
- 后工业化城市地区面临着不断变化的职业健康挑战.
- 传统的风险如尘埃正在减少,但新的风险如噪音和化学物质暴露正在出现.
- 了解不同规模的企业的合规动态对于有效的治理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查广州天河区的职业卫生合规情况 (2020-2024年),重点关注噪音危害.
- 引入和验证信用频率合规悖论和双轨危险演变概念.
- 分析危险监测覆盖范围和超标率,按企业规模和行业分层分层.
主要方法:
- 来自广东省职业健康质量控制平台的数据分析.
- 对监测覆盖范围,企业超值和危险超值率的分层分析.
- 统计分析包括奇平方趋势测试和Jonckheere-Terpstra测试来评估趋势和变化.
主要成果:
- 小型和微型企业的定期监测覆盖率明显高于大型企业,支持信贷频率合规悖论.
- 总体危害超标率每年都在下降,但在某些领域,粉和化学物质暴露等特定危害仍然存在.
- 噪音成为主要的物理危害,超过率和强度显著增加,特别是在大型企业和科学/技术服务部门.
结论:
- 经验证据支持信贷频率合规悖论和双轨危险演变.
- 职业健康治理必须适应城市环境中传统危险的减少和新风险的增加.
- 拟议的框架为其他后工业城市环境提供了初步见解,需要进一步验证.
相关概念视频
01:08The Availability Heuristic
6.9K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.9K
01:21Causality in Epidemiology
1.5K
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
1.5K
01:12Hazard Ratio
558
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
For example, in a clinical trial...
558
01:11Hazard Rate
399
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
399
01:28Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II
1.1K
The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
1.1K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.3K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.3K