一个系统的审查和对抗力运动对老年人认知功能的影响的元分析
1Department of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|January 8, 2026
概括
抵抗运动显著提高了老年人的认知功能,特别是改善工作记忆和语言学习. 这些发现支持将抵抗训练纳入老年人群认知健康计划.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化对老年人的认知健康构成挑战.
- 抵抗运动是一种促进神经可塑性和减轻认知衰退的潜在策略.
- 关于抵抗运动和认知的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的现有证据是不一致的.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析抗力运动对老年人 (≥60岁) 认知功能的影响.
- 为了研究基于年龄的认知改善的潜在变化.
- 检查运动参数 (类型,持续时间,频率) 和认知结果之间的剂量反应关系.
主要方法:
- 系统地搜索主要数据库 (PubMed,科学网,科克伦图书馆,Embase,Science Direct) 到2024年9月.
- 包括17个RCT,共有739名参与者.
- 使用Cochrane风险偏差2 (ROB2) 工具进行质量评估,并使用RevMan 5.4和Stata 17进行元分析.
主要成果:
- 抵抗训练显著改善了整体认知功能 (SMD=0.40),工作记忆 (SMD=0.44),口头学习和记忆 (MD=3.01),以及空间记忆范围 (SMD=0.63).
- 没有观察到对处理速度,执行功能或注意力的显著影响.
- 异质性和出版偏差分析证实了稳定和公正的结果.
结论:
- 抵抗运动为老年人提供了选择性的认知益处,特别是增强整体认知,工作记忆,口头学习和空间记忆.
- 认知改善似乎受参与者的年龄和特定运动参数的影响,这表明剂量反应效应.
- 调查结果提供了基于证据的建议,以将抵抗训练纳入认知健康促进和康复战略中,以帮助老年人群.
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