身体活动尺寸与中年和老年人虚弱发生率和进展之间的关系:一项为期7年的队列研究
Kening Xue1, Dingsheng Deng1, Hongwei Xie1
1Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
Journal of exercise science and fitness
|January 8, 2026
概括
定期的体力活动 (PA) 显著降低了老年人虚弱的风险,并减缓了其进展. 即使是适度的强烈强度体力活动 (VPA) 也提供了实质性的保护,定制方法对男性和女性都有好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学和老年医学是老年学和老年医学.
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 运动科学和体育医学 运动科学和体育医学
背景情况:
- 身体活动 (PA) 已被认为可以预防虚弱,但对其对虚弱进展的影响的纵向证据有限.
- 现有的研究主要使用横截面数据,需要研究PA对虚弱发生率和轨迹的长期影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究身体活动 (PA) 的多个维度与虚弱的发生率和进展之间的纵向关联.
- 在7年的时间内,对中年和中国的老年人研究这些关联.
主要方法:
- 一项为期7年的队列研究,涉及来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的5916名最初非脆弱的中国成年人.
- 身体活动 (PA) 通过国际身体活动问卷 (IPAQ) 进行评估,量化频率,持续时间和体积.
- 使用40项脆弱指数 (FI) 测量脆弱性;用于发病率和轨迹分析的离散时间生存和线性混合效应模型.
主要成果:
- 在7年内,22.9%的参与者出现了虚弱. 更高的PA频率,持续时间和体积与脆弱风险相反相关.
- 显而易见的是剂量反应关系:强烈强度的体力活动 (VPA) 1-2天/周降低了63%的风险 (aHR=0.37);10-29分钟/天降低了75%的风险 (aHR=0.25).
- 增加的PA水平与较慢的年度FI得分增加相关 (例如,VPA 6-7天/周:aβ=-0.0025). 在男性中,VPA的保护力更强;中等强度的PA (MPA) 在女性中更一致地提供保护.
结论:
- 定期的体力活动,特别是VPA,与较低的虚弱发病率和较慢的进展显著相关,显示出明确的剂量反应效应.
- 即使是最小的VPA也会对脆弱性提供相当大的保护.
- 性别特定的协会强调需要定制的PA推广策略,以有效预防老年人群的脆弱性.
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