美国活跃部分服务人员的季节性流感住院发生率,2010-2024年
David R Sayers1, Saixia Ying2, Angelia A Eick-Cost2
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD.
MSMR
|January 8, 2026
概括
美国国防部 (DOD) 流感疫苗接种计划显示,老年军人住院率较低. 25岁以下的年轻新兵遭受严重流感的最大负担,为未来的疫苗优先事项提供了信息.
科学领域:
- 军人卫生保健 军人卫生保健
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 美国国防部 (DOD) 要求积极组件服务人员 (ACSM) 接种季节性流感疫苗.
- 量化这种长期免疫计划对严重流感负担的确切影响仍然具有挑战性.
- 了解这种高度接种疫苗的人群中流感住院率对于公共卫生和军事准备至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估从2010年到2024年期间在ACSM中季节性流感和累积流感住院率.
- 根据人口统计和与服务相关的因素对这些利率进行分层.
- 将ACSM住院数据与美国全国流感趋势进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在ACSM中分析季节性流感和累积性流感住院率.
- 按性别,年龄组,种族/种族,服务部门,招聘网站和位置 (美国与非美国) 的分层.
- 将ACSM数据与疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 美国人口数据进行比较.
主要成果:
- 最高的季节性流感累积住院率在25岁以下的ACSM中观察到 (9.3每10万人年) 和新兵 (70.1每10万人年).
- 非美国的ACSM比美国的ACSM (8.0每10万年) 低 (4.8每10万年).
- 与美国国家数据不同的是,随着年龄的增长,ACSM的发病率在最年轻的队列中最高,特别是新兵.
结论:
- 国防部的流感疫苗接种计划在降低老年ACSM患者住院率方面表现出有效性.
- 25岁以下的年轻新兵,特别是那些在新兵环境中的新兵,承受着不成比例的高流感住院负担.
- 调查结果表明,国防部流感疫苗分发优先事项可能需要调整,以专注于新兵等高风险群体.
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