非洲国家对危险化学剂的职业暴露极限的分析:一项比较研究
Nadia Suzette Botha1, Ilzé Engelbrecht1, Suranie Rachel Horn1
1Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative (OHHRI), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
|January 8, 2026
概括
南非 南非 南非
科学领域:
- 职业健康和安全问题 职业健康和安全问题
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 化学品风险评估 化学品风险评估
背景情况:
- 职业暴露限值 (OEL) 对于在工作场所管理危险化学物质 (HCAs) 至关重要.
- 南非的OEL已经从1995年危险化学物质法规 (RHCS SA) 演变为2021年危险化学剂法规 (RHCA SA).
- 许多非洲国家在立法中缺乏全面的OEL,这在整个非洲大陆的职业安全标准中造成了重大差距.
研究的目的:
- 进行对南非HCA的OEL进行比较分析.
- 评估南非OEL发展的进展情况,与其以前的立法和其他非洲国家相比.
- 确定非洲OEL发展的差距,并为未来的改进提供信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了对OELs的比较评估.
- 南非的RHCA SA 2021与其前身RHCS SA 1995进行了基准测试.
- 分析了来自五个非洲国家的立法文件,并使用几何平均法与南非的OEL进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在54个非洲国家中,只有10个国家将OEL纳入其职业健康和安全立法.
- 在RHCA SA 2021下,南非的OEL通常与选定的非洲国家相比不那么严格,莱索托是例外.
- 在非洲大陆的OEL发展中存在着显著的差异.
结论:
- 南非的OEL需要提高,以与非洲同等国家的OEL保持一致或超过.
- 迫切需要加大努力,在非洲各地开发和实施强大的OEL.
- 解决发现的差距对于改善整个地区的工作场所安全和健康标准至关重要.
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