中欧息地管理变化背后的间接驱动因素的延迟影响
Marianna Biró1, Kinga Öllerer2,3, Krisztina Molnár4,5
1Institute of Ecology and Botany, HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Alkotmány út 2-4, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary. biro.marianna@ecolres.hu.
Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine
|January 8, 2026
概括
由于社会经济变化,放弃传统的草原管理导致生物多样性丧失. 从20世纪60年代开始的长期社会过程导致了延迟的息地退化,突出了保护支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 传统管理对于半自然草原的生物多样性至关重要.
- 遗弃导致灌木侵占和生物多样性在欧洲的下降.
- 了解息地变化的社会生态驱动因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 自20世纪中叶以来,确定影响匈牙利和罗马尼亚Natura 2000草原的间接驱动因素.
- 分析经济,人口,制度,文化和技术因素.
- 研究社会过程与息地变化之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自21个草原地区的60名当地人的口述历史采访 (生态记忆).
- 息地指令附件I所涵盖的草地:干草地 (6210),浮草地 (6440),盐/沼泽地 (1530*).
- 研究了三个时期:1950-1961,1962-1989年和1990-2007年.
主要成果:
- 在五个类别中确定了211个间接驾驶员提及.
- 经济驱动因素是和盐息地的关键因素;人口驱动因素 (老龄化,劳动力短缺,移民) 影响了干草原.
- 延迟的生态影响 (灌木入侵,入侵物种) 出现在社会过程在20世纪60年代和70年代开始几十年后.
结论:
- 20世纪60年代开始的长期社会进程在20世纪90年代-2000年代推动了草原管理的下降.
- 补贴计划和治理对于传统做法和生物多样性至关重要.
- 将保护与文化遗产相结合,可以维持边缘化景观中的农村社区.
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