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两个Phytophthora效应剂通过与土豆中的V-ATPase相互作用来操纵细胞内pH值来减轻植物免疫力
Xiaojing Xue1,2, Xiao Chen1, Xin Wang1
1State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Provincial Research Center for Basic Biological Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Molecular horticulture
|January 8, 2026
概括
植物虫 (Phytophthora infestans) 使用AL3和Avr2效应器来操纵植物V-ATPase活性和pH值,导致易感性. 植物用R2和Rpi-mcq1免疫受体对抗这种情况,揭示了一种新的植物-病原体冲突,涉及pH平衡.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 分子植物微生物相互作用.
- 虫生物学的生物学
背景情况:
- 植物真空ATPase (V-ATPase) 对于内膜功能和应激反应至关重要.
- 在效应器触发免疫力中,VHA-C亚单元的作用在很大程度上是未知的.
- 植物虫使用RxLR效应器来操纵宿主过程.
研究的目的:
- 研究VHA-C在对P. infestans的效应器触发免疫中的功能.
- 阐明P. infestans作用因子AL3和Avr2向VHA-C并影响宿主免疫的机制.
- 为了识别识别这些效应器的植物免疫受体.
主要方法:
- 研究了P. infestansRxLR效应器AL3和Avr2.2的顺序作用.
- 分析了这些效应因子对宿主VHA-C (StATP6V1C1) 和StBSL1的向.
- 监测V-ATPase活性和细胞内pH的变化.
- 已识别的植物NLRs (R2和Rpi-mcq1) 保护StATP6V1C1和StBSLs.
主要成果:
- 通过促进StATP6V1C1组装,AL3增加了V-ATPase活性和细胞质酸化.
- Avr2 抑制了 StATP6V1C1 的酸化,降低了 V-ATPase 的活性,并导致化.
- pH值的变化促进了效应因子与易感因子的相互作用,促进了疾病.
- 植物进化了NLRs R2和Rpi-mcq1,以检测效应因子并减轻晚期病变.
结论:
- P. infestans 操纵V-ATPase和细胞内pH,以获得受影响因子触发的敏感性 (ETS).
- 植物NLRs R2和Rpi-mcq1通过保护关键宿主目标,提供受效器触发的免疫力 (ETI).
- 细胞内pH平衡是植物-菌体相互作用的关键战场.
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