无血:在内镜解压课程和内镜脊柱手术文献中对血液损失消除的范围审查

Alison Ma1,2, Joseph Reidy2,3, Ralph J Mobbs1,2,3,4

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

概括

有效的血液静止对于内镜脊柱手术至关重要. 一个新的FIBRE协议提供了一种多模式的方法来管理手术内出血,改善可视化和患者在微创脊柱手术的结果.

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