预测部分观察到的长期结果与对抗性积极的未标记的域名适应
Mengying Yan1, Meng Xia2, Wei A Huang1
1Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke AI Health, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的电子健康记录 (EHR) 领域适应方法,以预测长期结果. 该方法有效地将历史数据适应当代患者队列,提高预测准确性.
科学领域:
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 临床预测模型临床预测模型
背景情况:
- 预测长期的临床结果需要广泛的培训数据和长时间的随访期.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 通常缺乏当前患者队列的长期标签.
- 在历史数据上训练的模型可能由于不断变化的临床实践而表现不佳.
研究的目的:
- 为应对从完全标记的历史数据调整到部分标记的当代EHR数据的预测模型的挑战.
- 开发一个强大的领域适应框架,用于使用电子健康记录预测临床结果.
- 为了提高长期临床结果预测的准确性,当当代数据被稀疏标记时.
主要方法:
- 把这个问题定义为一个积极的未标记的域名适应任务.
- 提出了一个具有三个调整组件的对抗框架:整体调整,部分调整和有条件调整.
- 在数字分类基准和两个现实世界EHR应用程序 (COVID-19死亡率,神经发育条件) 上评估了该方法.
主要成果:
- 建议的方法在所有评估的设置中始终优于基线模型.
- 在大多数情况下,实现了与用完整标签训练的预言模型可比的性能.
- 在EHR数据中,从源到目标域的有效适应.
结论:
- 对抗领域适应框架为利用历史EHR数据来预测当代队列中的长期结果提供了一个有希望的解决方案.
- 该方法成功地解决了数据稀缺和临床预测领域转移所带来的挑战.
- 这种方法提高了EHR数据的实用性,用于构建准确可靠的预测模型.
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