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解码TREM2信号通路:将巨糖解与中枢神经系统的炎症性疾病联系起来

Yanfei Che¹, Ziman Yu¹, Songjie Ji^2,3

¹Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation

|January 9, 2026

概括

在骨髓细胞2 (TREM2) 上表达的触发受体会影响像阿尔茨海默氏症和癌症这样的疾病中的免疫反应和新陈代谢. 准TREM2为神经炎症和代谢障碍提供了潜在的治疗策略.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
代谢性疾病研究研究.

背景情况:

在骨髓细胞表达的触发受体2 (TREM2) 是骨髓细胞的关键受体,调节免疫反应和新陈代谢.
在神经退行性疾病,组织修复和瘤免疫力中,TREM2起着重要的作用.

研究的目的:

系统地审查TREM2的结构,带结合和下游信号通路.
突出TREM2在巨细胞代谢重编程中的作用及其对各种疾病的影响.
探索TREM2的治疗潜力和未来的研究方向.

主要方法:

对TREM2的结构特征,信号通路 (PI3K/Akt,MAPK,NF-κB,STAT3) 和代谢功能的文献综述.
对TREM2参与神经炎症,神经退行和组织修复的分析.
检查TREM2对瘤相关巨细胞和代谢障碍的影响.

主要成果:

在阿尔茨海默病中,TREM2调节微质极化,促进Aβ清除,减轻神经炎症.
TREM2 增强葡萄糖分解和M2 大细胞两极分化,有助于脊髓损伤和多发性硬化症的神经再生.
瘤相关巨细胞的TREM2重编程促进瘤进展和免疫抑制;它在代谢障碍中提供保护作用.

结论:

TREM2是巨细胞代谢的关键调节者,影响神经炎症,神经退行,癌症免疫力和代谢健康.
功能障碍的TREM2,特别是功能丧失的变种,如R47H,增加了对疾病的易感性.
针对TREM2为神经免疫代谢疾病提供了有前途的治疗途径,需要对其复杂的调节网络进行进一步研究.

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