基因型与环境之间的相互作用可能会限制用于自由放牧系统的的选择效率
Salomé Chaumont1, Elisabeth Le Bihan-Duval1, Frédéric Fagnoul2
1INRAE, Université de Tours, BOA, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
Poultry science
|January 9, 2026
概括
基因型×环境相互作用显著影响缓慢生长的的选择. 选择室内进行户外表现可以减少遗传收益,特别是料效率特征,如料转换比率 (FCR) 和剩余料摄入量 (RFI).
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学动物遗传学
- 禽畜科学 禽畜科学 禽畜科学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
背景情况:
- 对替代家禽系统 (自由放牧,有机) 的需求不断增长,有利于肉质和强度的缓慢生长的.
- 遗传选择通常发生在室内,由于室外条件下的基因型 ×环境 (G × E) 相互作用,可能会限制有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估缓慢生长的肉系列中的G × E相互作用.
- 评估对料使用效率,生长,尸体组成和肉质的影响.
- 为了比较生产条件下的直接选择与室内环境中的间接选择.
主要方法:
- 在两个条件下在两代人中养:完全在室内 (IN) 或与户外接入 (OUT).
- 在两种条件下,对各种特征的遗传性,遗传相关性和预测的遗传收益进行了估计.
- 通过比较IN和OUT环境之间的选择有效性来量化G × E相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在OUT条件下,对于料转换比率 (FCR) 和剩余料摄入量 (RFI) 观察到更高的遗传概率估计.
- 检测到显著的G × E相互作用,这表明FCR和RFI的IN和OUT环境之间的基因相关性较低.
- 选择室内进行户外表现导致FCR (高达76%) 和RFI (高达67%) 的遗传收益大幅下降.
- 像乳腺产量这样的特征显示出更高的遗传相关性和更少的遗传收益损失,表明对养殖条件的强度.
结论:
- G × E 相互作用对缓慢生长的的选择有很大的影响,特别是对于料使用效率特征.
- 室内选择户外性能可能是低效的,特别是料效率.
- 需要使用替代选择策略来优化户外系统中的遗传进步,包括采用户外表型或建模G × E相互作用的基因组选择.
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