在枪支伤害研究理论和概念框架的范围审查
Esther Lee1, Sarah M Stilwell2, Heather Murphy3
1Health Behavior and Health Equity, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
Preventive medicine
|January 9, 2026
概括
枪支伤害研究的理论框架是基础性的,但应用不一致. 在理论开发,测试和在不同人群和环境中的应用方面存在差距,阻碍了有效的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 理论和概念框架对于推进枪支伤害研究至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往缺乏在不同背景下对这些框架的一致应用.
- 识别差距对于改善研究和实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合用于枪支伤害研究的理论和概念框架.
- 在不同背景下识别这些框架的应用中的差距.
- 为未来的枪支伤害预防研究和实践提供信息.
主要方法:
- 根据PRISMA指南进行了范围审查.
- 在七个数据库中搜索了美国研究 (1999-2024年),这些研究将理论/概念框架应用于枪支伤害.
- 提取了关于研究特征,伤害背景,框架类型和社会生态水平的数据.
主要成果:
- 审查了213项研究;大多数是无干预 (82%) 和观察 (84%).
- 犯罪学理论 (例行活动,社会混乱) 是最常见的; 批判性/公平理论是缺席的.
- 在网上/农村环境和儿童/老年人中发现了显著的差距;发现了理论和方法的错误.
结论:
- 理论框架是基础的,但在枪支伤害研究中不一致地应用.
- 理论发展需要跨学科的合作,经验测试和社区共同创造.
- 解决发现的差距对于制定有效的枪支伤害预防策略至关重要.
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