拉丁美洲监狱中的自杀预防:一个多个案例研究,其中包含17个国家的政策,计划和协议的元矩阵
Pablo Antonio Cifuentes-Gramajo1,2, Lukas Beigel3, Felix Bacigalupo4,5
1Doctorado en Psicoterapia, Medical Faculties and Faculties of Social Sciences, Universidad de Chile and Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
BMJ global health
|January 9, 2026
概括
拉丁美洲的监狱需要更好的自杀预防政策和协议. 许多国家缺乏全面的法律,制度框架和详细的程序来解决这一关键问题.
科学领域:
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 自杀是监狱死亡的主要原因之一.
- 在监狱环境中,有效的预防自杀策略至关重要.
- 这项研究考察了拉丁美洲监狱的自杀预防政策和程序.
研究的目的:
- 分析拉丁美洲监狱自杀预防政策,计划和协议的现状.
- 确定现有的自杀预防框架中存在的差距和需要改进的领域.
- 为加强该地区各地惩戒机构的自杀预防措施提供建议.
主要方法:
- 采用多个案例研究设计,分析了来自17个拉丁美洲国家的数据.
- 关于政策 (法律),计划 (制度框架) 和协议 (程序) 的数据从公共领域和监狱档案中收集.
- 使用理论驱动的主题分析和交叉案例分析来评估自杀预防组件的存在和质量.
主要成果:
- 九个国家有政策,6个国家有计划,13个国家有预防自杀的协议.
- 只有六个国家 (阿根廷,智利,哥伦比亚,厄瓜多尔,墨西哥,巴拿马) 拥有所有三个元素 (政策,计划,协议).
- 协议的质量和预防措施的整体综合质量差异很大,许多国家显示质量低.
结论:
- 许多拉丁美洲国家需要改善监狱自杀预防政策和制度框架.
- 需要审查和加强自杀预防协议,以确保全面覆盖关键组件.
- 建议监狱管理部门提高内部计划和协议的透明度和公布,以促进研究和评估.
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