除了捐助者支持之外,维护社区自助团体:从一个对自助团体的定性研究中得出的教训,包括印度农村受麻风和残疾影响的人
Joydeepa Darlong1, Mythily Vs Charles2, Onaedo Ilozumba3
1The Leprosy Mission Trust India, New Delhi, India joydeepa.darlong@leprosymission.in.
BMJ open
|January 9, 2026
概括
自助小组 (SHG) 在捐助者资助结束后经常保持功能. 强有力的领导力和社区支持是他们长期社会和经济成功的关键,对于受麻风影响的人来说.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 社区发展 社区发展
背景情况:
- 麻风在低收入和中等收入国家,特别是印度,存在重大公共卫生挑战.
- 受麻风影响的个人经历多方面的身体,心理,社会和经济困难.
- 自助团体 (SHG) 是由捐助者支持的倡议,旨在改善边缘化人口的健康,社会融合和经济地位,包括那些患有麻风的人.
研究的目的:
- 在捐赠者支持撤回后,评估印度的SHG的可持续性.
- 检查影响SHG长期社会和经济可行性的因素,障碍和促进者.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项探索性定性研究.
- 进行了半结构化采访,对40名参与5个SHG的关键信息者进行了采访.
- 该研究的重点是印度一个州的社区发展项目下建立的SHG,该项目由印度麻风病使命信托基金会资助.
主要成果:
- 一些自营小组在获得资金后表现出了性和适应能力,而另一些小组则遇到了内部冲突,成员迁移和对政府计划的限制等挑战.
- 主题分析确定了可持续发展的关键驱动因素和障碍,包括领导力,治理,经济表现和社会参与方面的差异.
- 突出了影响SHG利益实现的关键因素,显示了不同群体的不同结果.
结论:
- 在捐赠者资金和管理支持停止后,SHG经常维持其运营.
- 有效的领导力,强有力的社区支持和外部促进对于维持SHG和放大它们对边缘化社区的积极影响至关重要.
- 这项研究提供了宝贵的见解, SHGs在解决疾患者所面临的社会经济挑战中的作用,为增强长期可行性的战略提供了信息.
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